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Introduction
Database is a collection of
related data. Database management system is software
designed to assist the
maintenance and utilization of large scale collection of data. DBMS came into
existence in 1960 by Charles. Integrated data store which is also called as the
first general purpose DBMS. Again in 1960 IBM brought IMS-Information
management system. In 1970 Edgor Codd at IBM came with new database called
RDBMS. In 1980 then came SQL Architecture- Structure Query Language. In 1980 to
1990 there were advances in DBMS e.g. DB2, ORACLE.
Data
• Data is raw fact or figures or
entity.
• When activities in the
organization takes place, the effect of these activities need
to be recorded which is known as
Data.
Information
• Processed data is called
information
• The purpose of data processing
is to generate the information required for
carrying out the business
activities.
In general data
management consists of following tasks
• Data capture: Which is the task
associated with gathering the data as and when
they originate.
• Data classification: Captured
data has to be classified based on the nature and
intended usage.
• Data storage: The segregated
data has to be stored properly.
• Data arranging: It is very
important to arrange the data properly
• Data retrieval: Data will be
required frequently for further processing,
Hence it is very important to create some indexes so
that data can be retrieved easily.
• Data maintenance: Maintenance is
the task concerned with keeping the data upto-
date.
• Data Verification: Before
storing the data it must be verified for any error.
• Data Coding: Data will be coded
for easy reference.
• Data Editing: Editing means
re-arranging the data or modifying the data for
presentation.
• Data transcription: This is the
activity where the data is converted from one form
into another.
• Data transmission: This is a
function where data is forwarded to the place where it would be used further.
Metadata (meta data,
or sometimes meta information) is "data about data", of any
sort in any media. An item of metadata may describe a collection of data
including multiple content items and hierarchical levels, for example a
database schema. In data processing, metadata is definitional data that
provides information about or documentation of other data managed within an
application or environment. The term should be used with caution as all data is
about something, and is therefore metadata.
Database
• Database may be defined in
simple terms as a collection of data
• A database is a collection of
related data.
• The database can be of any size
and of varying complexity.
• A database may be generated and
maintained manually or it may be computerized.
Database
Management System
• A Database Management System
(DBMS) is a collection of program that enables
user to create and maintain a
database.
• The DBMS is hence a general
purpose software system that facilitates the process
of defining constructing and manipulating database
for various applications.
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